Calcium fluoride crystal (CaF₂) offers a broad transmission range (0.13–10 µm), low stress-induced birefringence, high refractive index uniformity, stable mechanical properties, non-hygroscopicity, and exceptional resistance to radiation damage. These advantages make it an ideal material for manufacturing optical components such as windows, prisms, and lenses. Due to its low absorption, calcium fluoride crystal is also widely used in high-power laser optics. Additionally, its relatively low refractive index allows it to be employed directly without anti-reflection coating.