LiF crystal is an excellent optical crystal material with a broad transmission band (105 nm to 6.0 μm) and high optical transmittance. It exhibits the highest transmittance in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range and the shortest ultraviolet cutoff wavelength, making it a preferred window material for ultraviolet applications. With the advancement of deep ultraviolet (DUV) technology in recent years, LiF crystal has attracted increasing attention due to its high transmittance and short cutoff wavelength in the DUV band. In the infrared region, LiF crystal has a low refractive index and can be used directly without anti-reflection coatings, making it a common choice as a window material for infrared lasers and night-vision devices. As an optical window material, LiF crystal serves as an outstanding achromatic and apochromatic material. It is widely employed in optical instruments for ultraviolet and infrared transmission windows, lenses, prisms, spectroscopic crystal components, proton detection, and Q-switching components. By introducing color centers into LiF crystals, stable and uniform color center laser crystals can be obtained. These crystals exhibit excellent spectral characteristics and are promising for applications in femtosecond pulse lasers and near-infrared tunable lasers. Due to its unique lattice structure, LiF crystal is also an indispensable spectroscopic crystal component in electron probes, fluorescence analyzers, X-ray diffraction elements, and large-scale optical instruments.